Major Step Towards an Alzheimer’s Vaccine

The most common cause of dementia worldwide, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is thought to be associated with the accumulation of amyloid beta. Jean-Philippe Michaud, from Laval University (Canada), and colleagues have identified a molecule that stimulates the activity of the brain's immune cells. The molecule, known as MPL (monophosphoryl lipid A), has been used extensively as a vaccine adjuvant, and with its safety well established.  In mice with Alzheimer's symptoms, weekly injections of MPL over a twelve-week period eliminated up to 80% of senile plaques. In addition, tests measuring the mice's ability to learn new tasks showed significant improvement in cognitive function over the same period.   The researchers see two potential uses for MPL. It could be administered by intramuscular injection to people with Alzheimer's disease to slow the progression of the illness. It could also be incorporated into a vaccine designed to stimulate the production of antibodies against amyloid beta.  The lead investigator submits that: "The vaccine could be given to people who already have the disease to stimulate their natural immunity.  It could also be administered as a preventive measure to people with risk factors for Alzheimer's disease."